Zhengzhou Spirit: How is Mania Diagnosed?

How is mania diagnosed?

Unlike many other diseases, since the etiology of mania has not been fully elucidated, there is no definite laboratory test or test results to support the clinical diagnosis. The evaluation of some scales and laboratory tests can be used as a reference for doctors to assist in diagnosis and determine the severity, and can be used as a basis for differential diagnosis, but cannot be used as a definitive diagnosis. The determination of diagnosis is still based on medical history, mental symptom examination, and the law of disease progression.

According to the third edition of China Classification and Diagnostic Criteria for Mental Disorders (CCMD-3), the diagnosis of mood disorders is mainly based on four aspects: symptoms, severity, course of disease and exclusion criteria. Regardless of the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, depression, mania, or even environmental mood disorders and other mood disorders, the diagnostic criteria for manic episodes and depressive episodes must first be met respectively.

The diagnosis of mania must first meet the diagnostic criteria for manic episodes. details as follows:

Diagnostic criteria for manic episodes Manic episodes are dominated by elevated mood, which is not commensurate with the situation. It can range from happy to ecstatic. In some cases, it is mainly irritability. Mild cases have no or only mild damage to social functions, and severe cases may have psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions.

1. Symptom criteria

Elevated mood or irritability mainly, to have the following three items (for irritability, at least four items):

①Lack of concentration or distraction;

② increase in speech volume;

③The experience of running thinking (increased speech speed, urgency, etc.), accelerated association or erratic thoughts;

④ Self-evaluation is too high or exaggerated; .

⑤ Energetic, non-fatiguing, increased activity, difficulty staying still, or constant changes in plans and activities;

⑥ reckless behavior (such as profligate, responsible, or reckless behavior, etc.);

⑦Reduced need for sleep;

⑧ hypersexuality.

2. Severity standard seriously damages social functions, or causes danger or adverse consequences to others.

3. Disease course standard

① The symptoms and severity criteria have been met for at least one week;

② There may be some schizoid symptoms, but they do not meet the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. If the symptom criteria for schizophrenia are met at the same time, the criteria for a manic episode are met for at least one week after the symptoms of schizophrenia are relieved.

4. Exclusion criteria

Organic mental disorders, or mania due to psychoactive and nonaddictive substances were ruled out.

5. Diagnostic criteria for hypomanic episodes

The episode meets criteria for a manic episode except for no or mild impairment of social functioning.