A third-year boy with persistent fever and HIV positive confession: After high-risk behavior, there should be no luck

In recent days, provinces across the country have successively released reports on notifiable infectious diseases in October, but what many people did not expect is that the current situation of HIV infection in China is still grim. Some provinces report data as follows:

In October 2022, Zhejiang Province reported 163 cases of AIDS and 40 deaths.

In October 2022, Anhui Province reported 79 cases of AIDS and 21 deaths.

In October 2022, Jiangsu Province reported 145 cases of AIDS and 20 deaths.

At present, the overall data of the whole country is updated to September and released by the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention. Among them, the total number of AIDS cases is 4,389 , and the total number of deaths is 1,847 . The death toll is the highest among all infectious diseases, accounting for about 80%.

Many people ignore the existence of AIDS and always think that they are far away from them, but in fact, there are more than 1.05 million HIV-infected people in China, and young students and elderly men have become the main growth groups.

1. The woman was infected with moxa after caesarean section, and it was discovered after 27 years

In 2006, an 8-year-old boy's long-term diarrhea opened the veil of the matter.

The boy's name was Li Bo. Due to long-term diarrhea, his grandmother sent him to the town hospital for examination. Afterwards, the doctor treated Li Bo with pneumonia , but he did not improve. Half a month later, Li Bo lost weight to only 22 kilograms. His father rushed home from Guangdong and took him to a children's hospital in Shenzhen for treatment.

No one expected that the fate of a family would change in this way.

After ruling out tuberculosis and other diseases, doctors set their sights on AIDS. AIDS was suspected last because no one suspected that an 8-year-old boy could be infected with HIV. However, after the test came out, everyone was shocked— HIV antibody positive .

The doctor said that if the young child did not have blood transfusion, surgery, or sexual life, then there is a high probability that it was caused by mother-to-child transmission. He suggested that the husband and wife Irene go for HIV antibody testing together. The results showed that the wife Erin was positive and the husband was healthy .

The responsibility for the matter fell to Irene.

Irene wanted to break her head and didn't know what she did wrong. The only chance of infection was when her son was born by Caesarean section 8 years ago. At that time, after she gave birth and came off the operating table, the hospital asked a blood seller to match with Irene. After the matching was successful, 400ml of his blood was transfused into Irene's body. It was the only possibility Erin could think of.

Later, she returned to the hospital that year and found that there were many people in a similar situation to her, including her students. However, no matter what, the family could not go back to the past. The marriage between Irene and her husband ended, and she continued to live tenaciously with her children.

In 1985, China discovered the first case of AIDS infection. But as a new infectious disease, common people's awareness of it is almost zero. By the 1990s, many villages in China were selling blood to make money but infected with AIDS. The main reason was the sharing of blood collection equipment ( especially illegal blood sales, most people shared blood collection needles ), and some of them were due to the lack of formal operation of surgical blood transfusions lead to infection.

For a time, the tragedy of AIDS infection caused by selling blood occurred in many places across the country.

Today, blood transfusion transmission of AIDS in China has been basically blocked, and mother-to-child transmission has been effectively controlled . The country has fully implemented the blood testing system, with full coverage of HIV nucleic acid testing in clinical blood, blocking the blood transmission of key infectious diseases.

2. A college student suddenly had a high fever and was diagnosed with AIDS, regretting it

Xiaodi is studying in a key university and is a junior student. " Quick thinking and clear logic " is the impression he left on the doctors of the CDC.

After entering university, Xiaodi started to make friends through dating software and made appointments to meet offline. Because she has enough understanding of AIDS, Xiao Di has a strong sense of self-protection, and uses condoms every time to take protective measures.

However, the last negligence made him regret for the rest of his life.

During the Chinese New Year holiday this year, Xiao Di made friends with a new netizen through the software. To be on the safe side, the netizen used an HIV test strip in front of him to test, and the result was a bar ( negative ). A netizen told him that he regularly tests for HIV, is very healthy, and has not had any high-risk behaviors recently, so he asked not to use condoms this time.

Xiao Di knows that AIDS has a "window period", during which infected people cannot be detected . But under the persuasion of netizens, Xiao Di agreed to the other party's request.

On the 14th day after the high-risk behavior occurred, Xiao Di began to have symptoms such as high fever, joint pain, and fatigue. Feeling uneasy, he went to the fever clinic of the hospital and asked for an HIV test, which was negative . The doctor reminded Xiaodi that he may be in the window period and asked him to do regular tests in the future.

On the 28th day, Xiaodi tested himself with an HIV test strip, and the result was positive. After that, he went to the CDC for a diagnosis. After being diagnosed, Xiaodi confessed to the doctor that he thought about doing post-exposure prophylaxis (that is, taking AIDS "regret medicine") after the high-risk behavior occurred, but he felt that he was not so unlucky, so he hesitated to buy the medicine .

The reason why Xiaodi's experience is regrettable is that he knows AIDS very well, but he lost his chance to stay away from AIDS on two occasions of luck, which is regrettable. Here, we focus on the " regret drug " of AIDS - post-exposure prophylaxis .

Exposure prophylaxis refers to the biological method of reducing the risk of HIV infection by taking specific anti-HIV drugs within 72 hours if people who have not been infected with HIV are exposed to a high risk of infection.

After HIV high-risk behaviors, a blocking plan should be adopted, and the drug should be taken within the shortest time possible, preferably within 24 hours, no more than 72 hours, and taken for 28 consecutive days . At the same time, it is necessary to detect HIV antibodies immediately, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after the high risk, pay attention to the situation of drug blocking, and conduct liver and kidney function and blood routine examinations.

3. Once AIDS is treated, it will be cured for life. Is there hope?

Recently, the United States launched a new study on AIDS, the first human trials . In the study, EBT-101 targeted multiple single-guide RNAs in different regions of the HIV genome, cutting HIV DNA from the genes of human cells and eliminating the chance of virus escape. If the results of clinical trials are good, it means that AIDS may be cured through treatment.

However, the development of a drug takes several years, or even ten years. At present, if you want to stay away from the harm of AIDS, the best way is to do a good job of prevention. Keep the following points in mind:

1. Loyalty and responsibility

Loyalty and responsibility refer to being loyal to each other in front of husband and wife or couples, being responsible for the actions that occur, not having actions with third parties other than the other party, and being responsible to oneself, others, and the society.

2. Establish a correct concept

It is necessary to establish a correct concept, realize that AIDS is currently an incurable disease, be responsible for one's own health, actively understand and learn about AIDS, and reject high-risk behaviors.

3. Use condoms

Use a condom when having sex to ensure safe behavior.

4. Active detection

After being exposed to a susceptible situation or behavior, take the initiative to go to the hospital or institution for testing and observe your symptoms.

5. Drug prevention and treatment

People who have not been infected but have high-risk behaviors should use blocking drugs as soon as possible. Patients infected with AIDS should receive antiretroviral treatment and take therapeutic drugs according to the doctor's advice to reduce the spread of AIDS.

For AIDS, the most important thing is to achieve early prevention and active treatment after infection to avoid high-risk behaviors. If you are accidentally exposed, you should take blocking drugs as soon as possible. Don't take chances and regret for life.

References:

[1] The infection rate of AIDS in the whole population in China is 9.0/10,000. Blood transfusion transmission has been basically blocked. Beijing Daily. 2018-11-23

[2] To reduce the risk of HIV virus infection by more than 80%, it is best not to take blocking drugs for more than 24 hours. Health Times. 2020-08-25

[3] Prevention of AIDS sexual transmission, advocating the new principles of "1A, 2B, 3C, 4D". Healthy China. 2021-12-02

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