The blood sugar standard of diabetes has been raised online? What is the normal blood sugar for people over 60 years old?

It happened that the unit had a physical examination , and Pharaoh found that the blood sugar was a little high, but Pharaoh didn't feel anything special, and it seemed that there was nothing to worry about. It would be good to eat less food in the future.

In less than half a year like this, Pharaoh always felt that he was unable to lift his spirits and energy, and then went to the hospital for blood tests and found that he had diabetes. This time, the doctor repeatedly told me to monitor blood sugar well and not be sloppy, otherwise complications from diabetes will be the beginning of a nightmare.

1. Does high blood sugar have nothing to do with it?

In daily life, many people have slightly high blood sugar, but they are not diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, I think that it is good to control the diet without developing diabetes anyway, but in fact, at this stage, more attention needs to be paid.

There is a process in the development of diabetes. Before being diagnosed as diabetes, there is a transitional stage, that is, prediabetes, which is also called the golden period of reversal .

Pre-diabetes is when blood sugar is higher than the average person, but it does not meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes. People in the early stage generally do not have the typical "three more and one less" symptoms of diabetes (eating more, drinking more, urinating more, and losing weight).

Clinically, it can only be diagnosed by impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) . The diagnostic criteria are:

IFG: blood glucose <7.8 mmol/L after 2 hours of oral glucose tolerance test, and 7.0 mmol/L> fasting blood glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L.

IGT: fasting blood glucose < 7.0 mmol/L, and blood glucose ≥ 7.8 mmol/L but < 11.1 mmol/L after 2 hours of oral glucose tolerance test.

Few people will realize they have prediabetes if they don't pass regular checkups . According to a study by the Journal of the American Medical Association, the prevalence of prediabetes among Chinese adults is 38.1%. According to Chinese population estimates, about 150 million people have prediabetes.

Because prediabetes is asymptomatic, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) urges everyone, starting at age 35, to be screened for prediabetes and diabetes.

2. It is reported that the blood sugar level of diabetes has been raised on the Internet. Is it true or false?

Recently, there has been a change in the diabetes blood sugar standard circulating on the Internet. According to the "new standard", many people may no longer be diabetic patients. What is going on?

Normal blood sugar usually includes fasting and postprandial blood sugar values. Fasting blood sugar is the blood sugar value detected by intravenous blood sampling in the state of overnight fasting (8-10 hours fasting). The normal value is between 3.9-6.1mmol/L. Hourly blood sugar ≤7.8mmol/L.

According to the published "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China (2020 Edition)", typical diabetes symptoms plus one of the following three can be diagnosed as diabetes:

Fasting venous plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L;

2 hours after 75 g glucose load, venous plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L;

· Intravenous plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L.

Long-term poor blood sugar control can induce complications of diabetes, and elderly diabetic patients should control blood sugar. According to the "Chinese Clinical Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in the Elderly (2022 Edition)", the standards have been re-established:

Good control standard: glycated hemoglobin HbA1c≤7.0%, corresponding fasting blood glucose 4.4~7.0 mmol/L and two-hour postprandial blood glucose <10.0 mmol/L

It is suitable for elderly patients with strong self-care ability and short course of disease who are able to control blood sugar to the ideal level of normal people.

General control standard: glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c7.0%~<8.0%, corresponding fasting blood glucose <7.5 mmol/L and two-hour postprandial blood glucose <11.1 mmol/L

It is suitable for elderly patients with poor self-care ability or high risk of hypoglycemia.

Barely acceptable control criteria: glycated hemoglobin HbA1c 8.0%~8.5%, corresponding fasting blood glucose ≤8.5 mmol/L and two-hour postprandial blood glucose <13.9 mmol/L

It is suitable for elderly patients with long course of disease, high risk of hypoglycemia, and difficulty in blood sugar control.

Among them, the " good control standard " is the so-called "new standard" transmitted by the Internet.

But it should be clear that the "new standard" mentioned on the Internet is actually neither new nor standard . It is the blood sugar control goal of most diagnosed diabetic patients. You cannot use this standard to measure whether you have abnormal glucose metabolism, otherwise you will be Diagnosis may be delayed.

3. Which is more important, fasting or postprandial blood sugar?

Diabetics all know that they need to check their blood sugar regularly, but which one is more valuable, fasting blood sugar or postprandial blood sugar?

Zhao Ying, chief physician of the Department of Cardiology of Beijing Hospital , pointed out that postprandial blood glucose level is an independent risk factor for predicting all-cause death and the development of coronary heart disease. Compared with high fasting blood glucose, high postprandial blood glucose has a greater risk of coronary heart disease.

However , both postprandial blood glucose and fasting blood glucose are important indicators for the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes, and they complement each other but cannot replace them.

Fasting blood sugar: It is the basic blood sugar of the human body, and it is also a commonly used blood sugar monitoring method in daily physical examination. For diabetic patients, if the fasting blood sugar is too high, medication may need to be adjusted.

Postprandial blood sugar: It is generally 2 hours after a meal, which usually reflects the level of insulin function. It is easier to find patients with prediabetes . For people with diabetes, it is more helpful to find out whether life intervention is in place.

When is the most accurate time to measure blood sugar?

Wang Aihong, chief physician of the Special Medical Center of the Strategic Commissioner Force , said that for people with high blood sugar treated with insulin, they should be monitored 5 times a day. The best time for blood sugar monitoring is: fasting blood sugar, blood sugar before and after meals, and blood sugar before bed.

For patients whose blood sugar reaches the standard and is taking oral medicines, only fasting blood sugar needs to be measured. But if a meal eats more tables, it can also be tested after the meal.

Fourth, measure blood sugar every day, how can we measure it accurately?

There are so many blood glucose meters on the market, how to choose the right one? These 4 points of attention should be paid attention to:

Look at the price: Buying a blood glucose meter is not the more expensive the better, the key is the quality. Generally, the price of a good blood glucose meter is between 500-700 yuan, which needs to be comprehensively measured according to your own situation.

Look at the accuracy: You should choose a blood glucose meter that is similar to the venous blood test results, and the test results should not be too different.

Look at the operating status of the machine: for example, whether the lancet is convenient to use, how much blood is needed, the time it takes for the machine to read, the size and clarity of the display, etc.

Look at the service: understand the after-sales service of the blood glucose meter and whether the supply of test strips is in place.

If you want to keep blood sugar stable, in addition to taking medicine on time, you must also grasp three principles—control diet, exercise scientifically, and maintain a good mood.

references;

【1】 "Don't worry if your blood sugar is a little high? In fact, cancer, cardiovascular disease, dementia... will quietly increase". Academic Jingwei. 2022-05-18

[2] "Thirty percent of the elderly suffer from diabetes! How to control blood sugar in elderly patients? (with the latest guidelines for diabetes in the elderly)". Chronic Diseases. 2022-02-13

[3] "[Help] Two golden moments for measuring blood sugar, you must keep in your heart". CCTV Life Circle. 2022-04-01

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