With the arrival of summer, in addition to the increasingly hot and humid weather, various common skin problems such as skin itching, redness, peeling, etc. also follow.

The skin is the largest organ of the human body and the first line of defense for health. According to statistics, nearly 2,000 skin diseases have been discovered so far, and the symptoms are various. This also makes many patients confused about which skin disease they have, making it difficult to prescribe the right medicine, and it also makes it difficult for follow-up treatment.

Although skin diseases seem to be minor diseases, they bring endless torture to patients due to problems such as affecting appearance, itching, and pain. Today, Xiaojiu will give you a simple popular science, how to distinguish various skin diseases, and how to use the right medicine.

According to the different causes of the disease, skin diseases will show different symptoms and characteristics, which are mainly divided into the following types

Bacterial skin diseases: impetigo, folliculitis, etc.

Types : The common ones are impetigo, folliculitis, boils, carbuncles, etc. caused by bacterial infections such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus.

Symptoms : local redness, swelling, suppuration, heat, pain and other symptoms.

Medication : Antibiotic ointments are mainly used. 2% mupirocin, 2% fusidic acid cream, 1% erythromycin ointment and 0.5% ofloxacin gel are commonly used external antibacterial drugs. Topical medication is required, and systemic antibiotics are required for moderate to severe skin infections.

Suggestion : Do not squeeze the affected area easily to prevent infection. It is contraindicated for those with ulceration, suppuration or obvious exudation in the affected area, and for those with virus infection.

Allergic and autoimmune skin diseases: dermatitis, eczema, etc.

Type : It is related to internal factors such as one's own disease, neuropsychiatric, and external factors such as food, environment, and climate. The common ones are eczema, contact dermatitis, urticaria, drug-induced dermatitis, and neurodermatitis.

Symptoms : According to the course of the disease, it can be divided into three stages: acute, subacute and chronic. In the acute stage, erythema, papules, and blisters will appear, accompanied by erosion, exudate, scab, etc., with severe itching; If it does not heal for a long time, it will become chronic, manifested as enlarged skin lesions, scales, pigmentation, local skin hypertrophy, rough surface and lichenoid changes.

Medication : For local treatment, steroid hormone ointments are often used, such as dexamethasone acetate cream, hydrocortisone cream, triamcinolone acetate ointment, etc., for skin lesions with severe inflammation but no obvious erosion or exudate. Systemic treatment uses antihistamines, such as chlorpheniramine, loratadine, etc.

Advice : Avoid contact with irritants that may cause skin sensitization. Do not scratch the itchy area with your nails to avoid scratching the skin and secondary infection.

Fungal skin diseases: tinea corporis, tinea manus, pedis, etc.

Type : Caused by fungal invasion of the skin, commonly known as tinea, common tinea capitis, tinea corporis, jock itch, tinea manus, tinea pedis, onychomycosis, etc.

Symptoms : Skin itching, red papules, blisters, peeling, etc. will appear at first, and gradually form a clear-cut circular or multi-ring red patch with scales, which may cause local eczema-like or lichen-like changes due to long-term scratching stimulation.

Medication : Antifungal ointments or sprays are mainly used, such as Oxiconazole Cream, Amorolfine Cream, Clotrimazole Cream, Butenafine Hydrochloride Spray, etc. Taking Jiening-butenafine hydrochloride spray as an example, it can destroy the structure of fungi, inhibit the synthesis of substances needed by fungi, and cause fungal cell damage or death, thereby playing a dual role of sterilization and bacteriostasis.

Suggestion : Most antifungal drugs need to be used continuously, generally for more than 2-3 weeks. Patients need to pay attention to personal hygiene, keep clean and dry, and avoid sharing slippers, washbasins, towels and other supplies with others.

Viral skin diseases: herpes zoster, etc.

Types : Herpes simplex, herpes zoster, genital herpes, chickenpox and herpes zoster caused by herpes virus infection; common warts, plantar warts, flat warts and condyloma acuminatum caused by papilloma virus infection.

Here is an example of common herpes zoster.

Symptoms : more common on one side of the body, characterized by clustered blisters on the basis of erythema with pain, the skin lesions are distributed along a certain nerve segment in a band shape, with clear boundaries, fatigue, headache, fever, and gastrointestinal discomfort, etc. symptom.

Medication : Combined medication based on the principles of antiviral, analgesic and neurotrophic. Generally, acyclovir cream and valacyclovir cream can be applied, combined with oral acyclovir tablets, valacyclovir tablets, etc., and internal drugs such as methylcobalamin can be used to nourish the nerves.

Suggestion : patients should use cotton swabs when applying external medicines to prevent cross-infection, and exercise regularly to improve immunity.

All in all, when using ointment, we must first identify the cause of the disease, and then prescribe the right medicine, and avoid indiscriminate use of medicine. If the treatment effect is not good, or if there are serious symptoms, you need to seek medical treatment in time, and do not delay the condition, so as not to develop into chronic skin diseases.

Infected skin diseases, how to take care of them daily

After being infected with a skin disease, the patient should keep the skin clean and do not scratch the itchy place at will to avoid cross-infection. If the itching is really severe, you can pat it lightly to help relieve the itching. In addition, you should avoid using alkaline soaps, hot water scalding, etc., and usually use hypoallergenic moisturizing cream to moisturize the skin.

In terms of diet, during the onset period, patients should maintain a light diet and not eat spicy, irritating or allergic foods, such as seafood, green onions, ginger, garlic, peppers, peppers, etc., and should refrain from drinking and smoking.

In daily life, patients should pay attention to avoid contact with allergens, chemicals, irritants, etc., and it is best to choose loose, soft and comfortable cotton clothes. In addition, we should maintain a regular schedule, eat a healthy diet, and exercise more to help improve immunity and prevent infection.

> > References: >

> > 1. What are the types of skin diseases? Do you know? Jihe Dermatology Hospital >

> > 2. Zhou Xuemei. Clinical characteristics and prevention and treatment of several fungal skin diseases [J]. World Latest Medical Information Abstracts (electronic version), 2013: 133-134. >

> > 3. Xu Yawen (excerpt). How to correctly use external medicine for skin diseases [J]. Chinese and Foreign Health Abstracts, 2008: 41-41. >