How should 'diabetics' use insulin correctly? Reminder: The sooner patients know these things, the better

Even if you don't have diabetes around you, you should have heard of the two major treatments for diabetes: insulin and hypoglycemic drugs!

　　The treatment of diabetes mainly depends on the specific condition of the patient. If the patient has type 1 diabetes , because the patient's own islet beta cells are severely damaged and the islet function is lost , the patient 's insulin secretion is absolutely insufficient at this time . Therefore, as long as this type of diabetes is diagnosed , it is necessary to inject insulin therapy, and lifelong insulin replacement therapy is required.

　　The main treatment for type 2 diabetes is oral hypoglycemic drugs, combined living, exercise, and dietary modification. If the patient's blood sugar is gradually stabilized with comprehensive treatment, insulin injection is not required.

　　However, if the blood sugar does not reach the control target continuously and the glycemic index is too high , combined insulin treatment is required . Under normal circumstances, when the HbA1c is still greater than 7.0% with a larger dose of a combination of multiple oral drugs, insulin therapy should be considered.

　　In addition, if the patient has unexplained weight loss, type 2 diabetes with marked hyperglycemia, diabetes in the perioperative period, severe acute complications or stress, gestational diabetes or diabetes complicated by pregnancy Women also need insulin injections for treatment when their blood sugar control targets are not achieved .

　　So the question is, how should insulin be administered and what is the maximum dose?

　　First of all, we must understand the classification of insulin. According to its source and chemical structure, it can be divided into three categories: animal insulin, human insulin, and insulin analogs.

　　According to the time characteristics, it is divided into several types, such as fast-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting and long-acting insulin . Different types of insulin have different onset times and metabolism times.

　　Moreover, the drawings corresponding to different types of insulin are different, and how many units a patient uses for each medication depends on the patient's blood sugar level, the reserve function of islet cells, and the .

　　If the patient has type 1 diabetes and is absolutely deficient in insulin, in this case, relatively more units are used. And if the body is only characterized by insulin resistance as its main manifestation, it will use relatively less insulin.

　　Under normal circumstances, each insulin pen contains about 300IU, and the daily insulin secretion of a normal person is about 50IU. Due to the production of insulin antibodies and the insensitivity of insulin, most patients use insulin doses between 20 and 35 IU per day . However, there is no specific upper limit for the specific injection volume of insulin.

　　For example, pregnant women with diabetes can even inject 300-400 units of insulin per day. For patients with severe infections, the daily insulin injection volume can even reach several hundred units , and if necessary, the patient also needs intravenous insulin administration .

　　The reason for this is that the stress state of infection, pregnant patients, and insulin resistance are more serious, and the injected insulin tends to depreciate, reducing the effect of insulin.

　　In a word, the amount of insulin injection is more or less, mainly depends on the patient's personal condition, which includes islet function, insulin resistance and so on.

　　If the blood sugar is effectively controlled by injecting insulin as recommended by the doctor, then this amount is the normal use standard. If a large amount of insulin has been injected and the blood sugar still does not decrease, this is an abnormal situation, and the patient should seek medical attention in time for examination.