High uric acid, how to excrete uric acid? 3 ways to sum up for you, it is worth a try

The 43-year-old Mr. Wang had a gout attack at night, and the pain was unbearable. He immediately dialed 120 and was sent to the hospital. After physical examination, he found that Mr. Wang's right big toe joint was severely deformed , which belonged to an acute gout attack, and the uric acid level was as high as 670μg /L, accompanied by complications of hyperuricemia nephritis.

After consulting the doctor, I learned that Mr. Wang had been diagnosed with high uric acid a year ago. At that time, the doctor suggested that Mr. Wang should strictly control the intake of purines, drink less and exercise more.

So he started a vegetarian diet, but after insisting on it for more than a month, he heard from a friend that the uric acid-lowering drugs had more toxic and side effects . Thinking that he was now sticking to a low-purine diet, he simply stopped the drugs. However, a year later, Mr. Wang was admitted to the hospital because of a severe attack of gout.

1. Elevated uric acid is mostly caused by "eating"?

According to the data, there are about 177 million people diagnosed with hyperuricemia in China. This number has exceeded 114 million people with diabetes, and even close to hypertension (200 million people) and hyperlipidemia (300 million people). It can be said that hyperuricemia has been It has gradually developed into the "fourth highest" after the three highs, and the trend of rejuvenation is becoming more and more serious.

The synthesis of uric acid involves the participation of carbon dioxide, human amino acids, ribose phosphoric acid and adenosine triphosphate. Adenine is formed through the action of certain enzymes in the body, and then under the action of xanthine oxidase or hypoxanthine oxidase, uric acid is finally generated. Simple In other words, uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism in the body .

So what is hyperuricemia? Under the normal purine diet, the blood uric acid was measured twice in the fasting state on different days, and the blood uric acid value of men was higher than 420 μmol/L, and the blood uric acid value of women was higher than 360 μmol/L, which is hyperuricemia .

It may seem to many people that the increase in uric acid is caused by eating more high-purine foods such as seafood, offal, pork, beef and mutton, but in fact, the increase in uric acid is mainly related to excessive uric acid production or poor uric acid excretion.

The two sources of uric acid are endogenous and exogenous. The former is the result of the continuous renewal and decomposition of nucleic acid in the body, and 80% of uric acid is derived from the decomposition of nucleic acid in the body , while the latter is a diet rich in purines. 20% of uric acid comes from this.

The three important factors that affect the excretion of uric acid are drugs, constitution and disease .

2/3 of human uric acid is metabolized by the kidneys. If the renal function is abnormal, the uric acid excretion capacity will also be weakened, and 1/3 is decomposed by intestinal bacteria. If the intestinal function is not good, it will also lead to the accumulation of uric acid in the body. In addition, drugs such as immunosuppressants and diuretics tend to increase the reabsorption of uric acid in the proximal convoluted tubule, which indirectly increases blood uric acid levels.

Therefore, if you want to reduce uric acid in hyperuricemia, diet control alone is not enough . In many cases, drug treatment is required, such as allopurinol, febuxostat, which inhibits uric acid synthesis, and phenyl bromide that promotes uric acid excretion. Malone.

2. Too high uric acid may really reduce life expectancy

A study from the University of Limerick School of Medicine in Ireland, published in the European Journal of Internal Medicine, found that high levels of uric acid in the blood are likely to reduce lifespan .

Don't think that high uric acid is just a simple increase in uric acid. In fact, the harm of uric acid to the human body is systemic!

1. Harm the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular

Like high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and high blood lipids, it can lead to damage to multiple organs or tissues throughout the body. In addition, high uric acid can also stimulate and damage blood vessel walls , which can easily accelerate the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

2. Harm the joints

The uric acid crystals formed after the increase of uric acid are easily deposited in the joints, causing strong joint pain and affecting life during repeated acute attacks. If there is no standard treatment in this situation, it is likely to turn into chronic tophi arthritis, joint bone destruction, persistent joint pain, and even disability .

3. Harm the kidneys

The deposition of uric acid crystals in the kidneys can cause acute or chronic uric acid nephropathy and nephrolithiasis. When uric acid crystals are deposited in the renal tubules, it will cause acute urinary tract infection, as well as symptoms such as oliguria, anuria or acute renal failure , which will directly cause chronic renal insufficiency in the long term.

The scary thing about hyperuricemia is that there are no obvious symptoms in the early stage, and it is generally not discovered until gouty arthritis attacks , and treatment at this time will actually reduce the effect. Therefore, in life, we should pay attention to it, pay attention to regularly check uric acid, and control it in time if there is a high uric acid.

How to reduce uric acid in the body? 3 tricks to help you defuse the "time bomb"

As mentioned earlier, in order to reduce uric acid, in addition to dietary control, daily management and drug treatment are also very important.

1. Manage high-risk factors

Patients with hyperuricemia should pay attention to controlling high-risk factors, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and chronic kidney disease, etc. , and inform the doctor in time during treatment to avoid the use of drugs that increase uric acid in the treatment of chronic diseases.

2, pay attention to diet control

The "Dietary Guidance for Patients with Hyperuricemia and Gout" promulgated by the National Health and Health Commission is mainly used for the daily dietary guidance of patients with hyperuricemia and gout, but it is not applicable to adults with hyperuricemia combined with renal insufficiency and other diseases. Symptoms and gout patients .

• Foods to Avoid

Patients with hyperuricemia should avoid eating animal offal, shellfish such as oysters and shellfish, and high-purine foods such as thick broth and gravy. Alcohol is strictly prohibited in patients with acute gout attacks, poor medication control, and chronic tophi arthritis.

• Recommended restricted foods

Animal foods high in purines, such as pork, lamb, and beef; foods high in fructose and sucrose; alcoholic beverages, especially beer and liquor.

• Recommended food choices

Skim or low-fat dairy and its products, 300ml per day; eggs or other eggs, 1 per day; fresh vegetables, 500g or more per day; people with hyperuricemia are encouraged to consume low glycemic index ( GI) cereals; add water, more than 2000ml per day.

3. Active weight control

Usually patients with hyperuricemia will be overweight, obese or metabolic syndrome, so in addition to daily diet control, they also need to pay attention to active weight control.

It is recommended that patients with hyperuricemia actively engage in aerobic exercise, preferably in conjunction with muscle resistance training. Patients with gouty arthritis can exercise moderately in the acute phase, and exercise reasonably under the guidance of experts or doctors as symptoms ease.

Xiaojiu reminds everyone to pay attention to regular physical examinations in life. If you find that uric acid is too high, you should exercise actively in addition to controlling your diet. If necessary, take uric acid-lowering drugs under the guidance of your doctor. Pay attention to standardized medication, and do not stop at will. medicine.

References:

[1] "Uric acid is too high, beware of affecting life! 》.Health Times.2020-12-02

[2] "Asymptomatic high uric acid is more "dangerous"! Don't let the kidneys suffer silently anymore". Life Times. 2021-06-03

[3] "How should people with high uric acid eat? Authoritative guide is here! |Diet "Secret" Series". Medical Endocrinology Channel. 2020-05-22

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